II. July-August 2018, 2019, and 2020
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Flows measured in the main stem gave evidence of drought conditions during July-August 2018.
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The hydrological measurements are from the main-stem Rico station, 8422 ft, USGS location 09165000.
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Flow has been measured there since 1951.
July-August 2018, 2019, 2020, and historical flows
A. Data
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The July-August 2018 mean flow was the 2nd lowest over the period of record for that stream gage.
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It was 22 cfs, as compared with the historical mean flow of 122 cfs for July-August.
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At 20 percent of the historical value, the July-August 2018 mean flow signaled severe drought conditions.
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The first hydrograph below shows July-August 2018 flows in comparison with historical flows.
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As seen, flows during July-August 2018 temperature measurements trended well below historical values.
B. Comparison
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The second and third hydrographs show July-August 2019 and 2020 daily flows.
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They were above historical values in 2019, except during the last week of August.
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Flows trended below historical values in 2020, except for a large July spike and a small one in August.
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Drought conditions are expected to become more frequent and intense as a result of climate change.
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Reduced flows can leave streams susceptible to temperature increases from ambient air and solar radiation.
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Statistical testing showed that 2018 water temperatures, measured during drought, were higher than in 2019.
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Refuge for thermal relief was available in tributaries and upstream in the main stem.